Why Everyone Suddenly Hates AI Data Centers

**Nathaniel Whittemore** (0:00)
Everyone, it appears, hates data centers. Polls show the majority of Americans, both Democrats and Republicans, are opposed to them, and politicians are picking up on the anger. One writer joked that every state election is just two politicians who supported data centers five minutes ago, accusing their opponent of supporting data centers. To some, this is all a consequence of the AI industry's terrible messaging. To others, it's about the negative legacy of big tech. And to some, it's just all one big China Psyop. However much those things may or may not be true, conversations with the folks in these communities reveal that this is as much, if not more, about their agency in control and shaping their own future. Now, one could be forgiven for thinking it's getting gloomy out there, especially with all these politicians piling on. But I actually think that not only is there a path forward, this might be the most winnable value-creating political battle of all time.
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Today's topic will not be unfamiliar for you regular listeners. Questions around the AI infrastructure buildout and AI data center specifically have lurked around the edges of this show for more than a year now, as this most conservative wave of AI buildout has come to the fore. The issue has now officially, however, escaped containment. And today the goal is to do an entire primer, kind of end-to-end on this issue, understanding on the other side whether there is any room for optimism at all. So starting off, why are we talking about this right now? The answer in short is the midterm elections. This is an issue that certain pollsters have been paying attention to for a while now, but as it becomes more and more a part of the election discourse, more and more people are surveying about it, and the numbers are not good. In a Gallup poll from May, 71% of respondents were already opposed to data centers in their area, and a full 48% were strongly opposed, and things have gotten nothing but worse. Heatmap News has been conducting polling on opposition to local data centers for the past year. In their February poll, 51% of people were opposed to data centers being built close to their home, and in this month's edition of their poll, opposition reached 75%.
What's more, strong support has shrunk from 9% in February to just 4% now.
People who work with polling are shocked at how aggressively the topic is moving. Lobbyist Justin Slaughter wrote, I've never seen this. Data center opponents are converting supporters not just to neutral but to opposition. Ramez Nam writes, the trend here is crazy. From 24% strong opposition to data centers to 61% strong opposition in 12 months. When's the last time political opinions on an issue shifted this fast?
And it's not just like this is one sensationalist poll. Another one that I shared on an earlier show this week from Echelon found that Americans would rather have a nuclear power plant in their backyard than a data center to power AI. At the moment, people are about twice as likely to be into coal plants being built nearby them as opposed to data centers. Now for some, this is exhibit A in why this conversation is not just a rational argument about things like water and pollution as quite clearly a coal plant is going to be worse on those vectors. There is, as we will discuss, a lot more going on. Now, as I said, what matters about the polling is not just the numbers, but the context of an election year. And in that environment, this is a rare bipartisan issue. In August of 2025, Republicans were net support for a data center nearby, independents were at net negative 5 percent, and Democrats were at negative 8 percent. Now, while independents and Democrats have both fallen stratospherically to negative 65 and negative 75 percent, even Republicans are net 43 percent against having a data center near their home. Andrew Curran wrote, If you're wondering why this issue is in the news every day and why politicians who were previously supportive are suddenly changing their tune with a panicked look in their eyes, it's because this issue has become incredibly radioactive with the American public. And indeed, noticed the politicians have. The Bulwark writes, politicians suddenly noticed that everybody hates data centers, pointing out that everywhere you look, politicians are suddenly sprinting away from them. The Wall Street Journal wrote, politicians who once championed data centers are now bashing them, pointing to the example of state governors including Texas' Greg Abbott and Pennsylvania Governor Josh Shapiro. So altogether then, you have this incredibly toxic mixture of extremely negative public sentiment that becomes picked up by politicians who make the issue even louder by putting it front and center in their campaigns, who are then further amplified by media for whom not just the antagonism but also the shift among politicians is absolute red meat for their articles. Now, at this point, it's worth even asking what is an AI data center, because with due respect to a lot of opponents' concerns about them, I don't necessarily think that most people could even really define what goes on inside one or what they do, how they interact with the economy, and why they are necessary at all. A data center is basically a warehouse-sized computer that is plugged into industrial systems. Power arrives either via utility lines or dedicated generation, and that energy is used to power racks of chips and servers that, yes, can be used for things like training or serving AI, but are also essential for pretty much everything else that happens on the Internet. Your Gmail, your Netflix streaming. All of that does have a physical component, and it runs through the data centers. Investor Nick Carter wrote, I think a non-negligible component of the data center backlash comes from people having imagined that the Internet was a weightless thing that lived in the cloud. They are now learning that the Internet requires physical infrastructure, cooling and power, and they are upset about it. And that cooling is, of course, a big part of where the controversy comes in. Some combination of air, evaporative towers or liquid loops remove heat from the ecosystem and push it outside, and then the data leaves once again. The point is, these are big empty rooms with many, many small computers connected to make one big computer. That's it. That's what a data center is. And they are critical and absolutely essential to the entire infrastructure of the world that we live in.